Every substance is made up of atoms.
The entire mass of each atom is contained in its central part, which is called nucleus.
There are two types of fundamental particles in the nucleus. 1. Proton 2. Neutron
The proton has a positive charge while the neutron is neutral.
The electrons around the nucleus have negative charge. The negative charge of each electron is equal in magnitude to the positive charge of each proton.
In addition, the number of protons in each atom is equal to the number of electrons.
That is, the total amount of positive charge in each atom is equal to the total amount of negative charge.
Therefore, the atom is electrically neutral even though two opposite types of charged particles are present in the atom.
When one or more electrons are removed from an atom, it becomes electrically positively charged.
Therefore, a positively charged body lacks electrons.
Similarly a negatively charged object has an excess of electrons. Only electrons are responsible for the charge of an object not protons.
Since protons are bound to the nucleus with great force, they are not easy to remove.